Piston-packing.



H. G. CHATAIN. Pasion PACKING. APHICAUON FILED IM. 15. HI8.

Patented Apr. 23,' 1918.

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o UNITED STATES/PATENT OFFICE.

HENRI G. GHA'I'AIN, 0F EBIIIE, PENNSYLVANIA, ABSIGNOB T0 GENERAL ELECTIC COMPANY, A GORPOBATION 0F NEW YORK.

PISTON-PACKING.

speemeauoxi of Letter Patent.

Patented Apr. 23, 1918.

lo all whom it may concern.'

Be it known that I, HENRI G. CHATAIN,

-a citizen of the United States, residing at Erie, in the county of Erie, State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Piston-Packings, of which the following is a specification.

The present invention relatesprma 'if to internal combustion engines and has or one. of its objects to provide an improved arrangement of packing for the piston or pistons of such engines, and particularly engines of the high compressiontype in which the piston or istons control ports in the cylinder wall. e invention may however he embodied in connection with other types of engines. A further ohjeet of my invention is to provide an improved form of packing ring.

For a consideration of what I believe to be novel and my invention. attention is directed to the accompanying specification and the claims appended thereto.

ln the accompanying drawing. Figure 1 is ,a sectional view through a piston provided with a packing emhodyirucr my inven tion; Fig. 2 is a detailed perspective View of a piston head with the packing partially arranged thereon, Fig. 3 is a erspective view of a piston ring. and Fig. 4 'is a similar view of a follower ring.

Referring to the drawing. a pieton of the trunk type is shown comprising two main parts. the hody 6 and the head Tconneeterl hy bolts 8. 9 indicates a connecting rod joined to thegpiston hy moans of ."a wrist pin 10.

Thepiston head'7 is provided with an4 annular recess 11 forming a flange 0r 'shoulder12. and in the recess 11 between the flange and the piston hotly 6 is arrangedapackingeomprising the packing rings13-zind ythe followers14. The packing rings are'preferably T- shaperLas'shownjn section in Fig.1,and are split as indicated at 15. The followers are preferably L-shaped and are arranged with their long si des against the piston head. The heads of the T-shaped rings overlap the adjacent followers and Contact with each other, as indicated at 16, so th there are no spaces between the rings. In a embling, the rings and followers are successively put into place on thehead 7 the followers acting to properly space the rings. The head is then bolted to the body 6. By this arrangement the rings do. not have to be sprung into place over the cylinder head, and hence can be made much heavier and sufficiently wide to completely overlap the followers. This avoids the usual spaces ordinarily ,found bctweensuccessive rings and in which lubricant is very apt to he caked or carbonized. lIt is necessary to make the cylinder head of .simaller diameter than the here of the cylinder to prevent sticking of the pistons under expansion due to heat, and hence the space -hetween successive rings is in the form of an annular groove. The oil which accumulates in these' grooves will, when the engine is shut down. halte on. and when the cnfine is again started will cause additional friction und prevent the carrying off off heat from thil piston to the cylinder wall. By my improved arrangement I entirely avoid these ditliculties. and at the salue time I provide .substantial surfaces for conducting heat from the pistmi head through thefollowers and packing;r ringsA to the cylinder wall. The followers, which are tightly fitted on the piston head. havf` a large surfacen contact therewith. aud also large surfaces in Contact. with'the packing rings, which in turn. owingr to their width. have a large aren of contact with the cylinder wall. This provides a maximum amount of surface for conducting heat from the piston head to the cylinder wall.

My improved packing arrangement is of `particular utility in connection with cylindere. havin,fr ports over which the rings travel. Tf the rings are AWealrand narrow they are apt to he caught in the ports and broken. particularly if. they .should work to a position where the split in the ring passes over a port. and ordinarily such rings are required to he pinned against ireumferen tial movement. With my improved arrangement the rings are suflieiently broad and stiff that they will safely pass over ports and hence do not need to bepinnod. In other words. they can he assembled in a floating condition whieh is very desirable as the rings can then more freely adjust themselves to the cylinder walls, also since they camtravel around. the wear will he more uniform. Furthermore, since the rings are heavier they may he placed nearer the cylintot der head. and since they are symmetrical in y ing with hlghpressure, it is important that 119 the air or gas should not leak'reely between the packing ring and the piston, es this will cause undue pressure of the ring a ainsi; the cylinder wall. In my improv ihrough w 'ch the gas or air must travel in Ymeeting behind the packin ring, there can he silbstantially no leakage tween the rings and the piston head.

vif 'desire to have it understood that the appa# rzitns shown is only illustrative, and that the inventioncan be carried out b other means.

What I claim'as new. and esire to secure by Patent ofthe United Stat is LThe combination with a piston having e circumferentialgroove in its head, of a pac follower rings ha whic engage the botr com the groovejand projectmg parts between which are ann spaces, and split.v

ar# a rangement owing to the circuitous path packing rings which are T-sheped in cross section, the Shanks of said packing rings fitting in the 'annular spaces between said projecting parts and the heads of such rings overlapping said projecting parts'and being substantial y in engagement with each other. 2. The combination with a piston having a` circumferential groove in its head, of a. peeking therein comprising follower ri which are L-shaped in cross section, one si e of said follower rings engaging the bottom of said groove so es tohave a broad surface in engagement therewith for conveying heat there Tshaped in cross-section, t e Shanks of said aching ringsbeing located between said followers and spaced apartA thereb and the heads of such packing rings over apping the follower ringe and being in engagement with euch other so as to present a smooth packlng surface. l t

n witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand this fourteenth day of March, 1916.

HENRI G. CHATMN.V

rom, and split packin rings which are 

